Pakupera kwa2021, Indonesia (inozonzi Indonesia) ine 800000 matani emarata ekuchengetedza, inoverengera 16% yepasirese, uye reshiyo yekugadzira yakachengetwa yanga iri makore gumi nemashanu, yakaderera pane avhareji yepasi rose yemakore gumi nematanhatu.Izvo zviripo tin ore zviwanikwa muIndonesia zvine madhipoziti akadzama negiredhi rezasi, uye kubuda kwerata kwakadzvanyirirwa zvakanyanya.Parizvino, hudzamu hwemigodhi yemugodhi werata wekuIndonesia hwadzikira kubva pamamita makumi mashanu pasi pevhu kusvika pa100 ~ 150 metres pasi pevhu.Dambudziko rekucherwa kwezvicherwa rawedzera, uye kubuda kwemugodhi wekuIndonesia kwave kudererawo gore negore, kubva papamusoro pematani 104500 muna 2011 kusvika matani 53000 muna 2020. Kunyange zvazvo Indonesia ichiri chikamu chechipiri pasi rose mukutengesera simbi, mugove wayo Kugadzirwa kwemarata pasi rose kwakadzikira kubva pa35% muna 2011 kusvika pa20% muna2020.

Semugadziri wemarata akacheneswa wechipiri pasi rose, marata akakwenenzverwa eIndonesia akakosha zvikuru, asi kuwanda kwemarata akakwenenzverwa kweIndonesia nekupa elasticity kunoratidza kudzikira.

Chekutanga, mutemo weIndonesia wekutengesa kunze kwenyika wakaramba uchiomesa.Muna Mbudzi 2021, Mutungamiriri weIndonesia, Joko Widodo, akati achamisa kutengwa kwesimbi kuIndonesia muna 2024. Muna 2014, Ministry of Trade yeIndonesia yakapa mutemo wekutengeserana Nha. nhamba huru yezvigadzirwa zvemarata pamitengo yakaderera uye inovandudza kuwedzera kweindasitiri yayo yemarata uye inzwi remitengo yezviwanikwa zvemarata.Mushure mekushandiswa kwemutemo, kubuda kwerata muIndonesia kwakaderedzwa.Muna 2020, chiyero chekufananidza cherata mugodhi / rakanatswa tin kubuda muIndonesia inongori 0.9.Sezvo kunyunguduka kweIndonesia kwakadzikira pane kwerata, uye kunyunguduka kwemumba kwakaoma kugaya simbi yakambotengeswa kunze kwenyika munguva pfupi, kubuda kwerata kuIndonesia kwadzikira kuti zvizadzise kunyungudutswa kwenyika. .Kubva 2019, chiyero chekuenzanisa chekunatswa tin kuburitswa kweIndonesia tin mine yanga iri pasi pe1, nepo chiyero chekufananidza muna 2020 chiri 0.9 chete.Kubuda kwemugodhi kwave kutadza kuzadzisa kugadzirwa kwemarata akacheneswa mudzimba.

Chechipiri, kuderera kwese kwegiredhi rezvishandiso muIndonesia, kutarisana nematambudziko ekuderedzwa kwezviwanikwa zvevhu uye kuwedzera kuoma kwekuchera kwepasi pegungwa, kumisa kubuda kwerata.Parizvino, mugodhi wepasi pemvura ndicho chikamu chikuru chekubuda kwemugodhi muIndonesia.Kucherwa kwepasi pemvura kwakaoma uye kunodhura, uye kuburitswa kwemugodhi werata kunokanganisikawo mwaka nemwaka.

Kambani yeTianma ndiyo hombe inogadzira marata muIndonesia, ine 90% yenzvimbo yakatenderwa kucherwa marata, uye kugadzirwa kwayo kwerata kumahombekombe kunoita 94%.Nekudaro, nekuda kwekutadza kutonga kwekambani yeTianma, kodzero dzayo dzemigodhi dzakashandiswa zvakanyanya nenhamba huru yevadiki vemigodhi yakazvimirira, uye kambani yeTianma yakamanikidzwa kusimbisa kutonga kwayo pamusoro pekodzero dzemigodhi mumakore achangopfuura.Parizvino, kubuda kwemugodhi wekambani kunonyanya kutsamira pamugodhi wepasi pemvura, uye chikamu chemigodhi yegungwa chakawedzera kubva pa54% muna 2010 kusvika pa94% muna 2020. Pakupera kwa2020, kambani yeTianma ine matani 16000 chete yepamusoro-giredhi onshore tin ore reserves.

Tin simbi inobuda yekambani yeTianma inoratidza kudzikira kwese.Muna 2019, matani akabuda ekambani yeTianma akasvika 76000 matani, nekuwedzera kwegore negore kwe128%, inova chikamu chepamusoro mumakore achangopfuura.Izvi zvakanyanya kukonzerwa nekuitwa kwemitemo mitsva yekunze kunze kwenyika muIndonesia muchikamu chechina cha2018, izvo zvakaita kuti kambani yeTianma iwane kuburitswa kwevacheri vemigodhi zvisiri pamutemo mukati mechikamu cherezinesi maererano nehuwandu, asi kambani chaiyo yekugadzira tini yakaita. kwete kuwedzera.Kubva ipapo, kuburitswa kwetin kwekambani yeTianma kwakaramba kuchidzikira.Muzvikamu zvitatu zvekutanga zve2021, yakanatswa tin yakabuda yekambani yeTianma yaive 19000 matani, gore-pa-gore kudzikira kwe49%.

Chechitatu, mabhizinesi madiki ekunyungudutsa akave simba guru rekunatswa kwemarata mukati

Mune ramangwana, zviwanikwa zvemarata eIndonesia zvichange zvakanyungudutswa zvakakura

Nguva pfupi yadarika, matin ingot eIndonesia aitengeswa kunze kwenyika akadzokororwa gore negore, zvikuru nekuda kwekukura kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika kubva kune vanonyungudutsa vakazvimirira.Pakupera kwa2020, huwandu hwese hwemarata akacheneswa emabhizinesi akazvimirira ekunyungudutsa muIndonesia angangoita matani 50000, achiverengera 62% yehuwandu hweIndonesia.Chimwe chinhu chinocherechedzwa chekucherwa kwemarata uye kucherwa kwemarata akacheneswa muIndonesia ndechekuti mazhinji acho kugadzirwa kudiki-diki nemabhizinesi akazvimirira, uye zvinobuda zvichagadziriswa zvinoenderana nemutengo wedanho.Kana mutengo wemarata wakakwira, mabhizinesi madiki anobva awedzera kugadzirwa, uye kana mutengo werata wadonha, vanosarudza kuvhara kugona kwekugadzira.Naizvozvo, kubuda kwerata nemarata akacheneswa muIndonesia kune kusagadzikana kukuru uye kusafungidzira.

Muzvikamu zvitatu zvekutanga zve2021, Indonesia yakatumira kunze 53000 matani emarata akacheneswa, kuwedzera kwe4.8% panguva imwe cheteyo muna 2020. Munyori anotenda kuti kutengeswa kwemarata akacheneswa kwezvinyungudutsa zvakazvimiririra zvakagadzirisa gaka rekuderera kwe yakanatswa tin kubuda kwekambani yeTianma.Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti ticherechedze kuti kuwedzera kwesimba uye chaiyo ekunze vhoriyamu yezvinyungudutsa zvakazvimiririra icharamba ichidzorwa nekuwedzera kuomarara kwekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo muIndonesia.Kubva muna Ndira 2022, hurumende yeIndonesia haisati yapa rezinesi idzva rekutumira kunze kuburikidza nekuchinjana.

Munyori anotenda kuti mune ramangwana, zviwanikwa zvemarata eIndonesia zvichange zvakanyungudutswa zvakakura, mukana wekukura kukuru kweakacheneswa kuburitswa kwemabhizinesi madiki kuchave kushoma uye kushoma, iyo yakanatswa tin inobuda ichaita yakagadzikana, uye kubuda. elasticity ichaderera zvakarongeka.Nekudzikira kwegiredhi remarata madiki muIndonesia, madiki ekugadzira maitiro emabhizinesi madiki ari kuramba achiwedzera kushaya hupfumi, uye huwandu hukuru hwemabhizinesi madiki huchabviswa pamusika.Mushure mekudziridzwa kwemutemo mutsva wekuchera zvicherwa weIndonesia, kupihwa kwerata raw ore kuchayerera zvakanyanya kumabhizinesi makuru, izvo zvichave ne "crowding out effect" pakupihwa kwerata raw ore kumabhizimusi madiki anonyungudutsa.